NATURAL SCIENCES

Journal of fundamental
and
applied researches

Mitral regurgitation in chronic heart insufficiency

2014. №4, pp. 58-67

Polunin Ivan N. - D.Sc. (Medicine), Professor, Head of Chair, Astrakhan State Medical University, 121 Bakinskaya Str., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, predjama@yandex.ru

Yakovlev Viktor M. - D.Sc. (Medicine), Professor, Stavropol State Medical Academy, 10 Mira Str., Stavropol, 355017, Russian Federation, gsv.sta26@yandex.ru

Polunin Alexei I. - Ph.D. (Medicine), Assistant Professor, Astrakhan State Medical University, 121 Bakinskaya Str., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, predjama@yandex.ru

In our days the great attention is paid to disturbance of valvous heart apparatus while study heart pathology. The special place is given to functional mitral regurgitation. Regurgitation is the retrograde blood stream from the left ventricle to the left atrium. It appears as the result of not full connection of structurally not-changed valvous cusp. In a review article presents research data obtained using different physical and modern electronic methods of research in which the attempt of a more detailed study of the occurrence of mitral regurgitation in different states of the heart. Describes the basic pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic functional mitral regurgitation. For example, one of them is the result of structural and functional changes in the myocardium, which result in a violation of the coordinated function of the valve and the muscular system involved in the closing of the left atrioventricular orifice. Cause dilated regurgitation is an extension of the fibrous ring and circular muscle of the left atrioventricular orifice while maintaining the integrity of mitral valve. Chronic mitral regurgitation leads to hemodynamic circulatory failure, including, to the disruption of blood circulation in the lung - a small circle and the progression of the disease, and often fatal. The paper presents not only the cause of functional mitral regurgitation, but also pays attention to the prognostic significance of early diagnosis of functional mitral regurgitation in patients with chronic heart failure. All these practices should help in identifying management of patients with chronic heart failure at high risk of poor prognosis - both immediate and longterm.

Key words: физиология сердечно сосудистой системы, митральная регургитация, хронические изменения сердца, physiology cardiovascular system, mitral regurgitatsiya, chronic changes of heart