NATURAL SCIENCES

Journal of fundamental
and
applied researches

Searches of scientific and reasonable criteria of deficiency of microelements in the organism of animals

2014. №3, pp. 80-85

Vorobiyov Vladimir I. - D.Sc. (Biology), Professor, Head of Chair, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan Sq., Astrakhan, 414001, Russian Federation, veterinaria-2011@mail.ru

Vorobiyov Dmitry V. - D.Sc. (Biology), Associate Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan Sq., Astrakhan, 414001, Russian Federation, veterinaria-2011@mail.ru

Kazunina Elena T. - post-graduate student, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan Sq., Astrakhan, 414001, Russian Federation, veterinaria-2011@mail.ru

Work is devoted to searching of new methods and criteria of definition of need of microelements in agricultural animals. Subject of research - two similar groups of the Simmental cows receiving an identical diet. Experienced animals received supplemental organic preparations of Selenium, an Iodine, and also CoCl by which deficiency the region of Low Volga differs. The maintenance of microelements in blood and hair of cows during various seasons of the year was studied. It is noted that the quantity of microelements in wool decreases from fall to spring. Right before the calving an accumulation of basically all physiologically important elements is observed in blood and wool. The dynamics of a Selenium, Cobalt and Iodine in bodies and tissues of cows was investigated. The greatest amount of a Selenium and Cobalt was noted in kidneys, liver, adrenal glands, a skeletal musculation, blood serum and wool. The greatest utilization of a Selenium, Iodine and Cobalt was noted in a liver, a skeletal musculation, blood serum, wool, bone tissues, kidneys and an intestinal wall. In bodies of the experimental cows with low level of metabolism (of bones and of hoofs) the increased utilization of elements was not noted that confirms low levels of a selenium, an iodine and a cobalt in the environment. By the results of research on microelement structure of organisms and tissues it is possible to judge only the supply of an organism with the vital elements. In order to define the dosage of the lacking elements in the alimentation of agricultural animals in specific biogeochemical conditions it is necessary to perform the balance experiments and also the mathematical modeling of the farmakinetics processes in the usage of these scarce chemical elements.

Key words: микроэлементы, балансовый опыт, кобальт, йод, селен, коровы, метаболизм, обмен веществ, сельскохозяйственные животные, гипомикроэлементоз, microelements, balance experience, cobalt, iodine, selenium, cows, metabolism, agricultural animals, gipomicroelemen