NATURAL SCIENCES

Journal of fundamental
and
applied researches

Ways of increasing the productivity of cotton in the South of Russia

2014. №1, pp. 041-047

Tokareva Nadezhda D. - Ph.D. (Agricultural),Head of Department, All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Vegetables and Melons, 16 Lybich Str., Kamizyak, Astrakhan region, 416341, Russian Federation, vniiob@kam.astranet.ru

Shahmedova Galina S. - D.Sc. (Biology),Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shahumyan Sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, vniiob@kam.astranet.ru

Tokarev Nikolay A. - Ph.D. (Agricultural),Senior Researcher, All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Vegetables and Melons, 16 Lybich Str., Kamizyak, Astrakhan region, 416341, Russian Federation, vniiob@kam.astranet.ru

To obtain cost-effective yields of raw cotton, you must use advice on cultivation of cotton, created for specific soil-climatic zone. Astrakhan region developed technological methods: plant population, terms of sowing, doses of mineral fertilizers, irrigation regimes. The work carried out revealed the following: Astrakhan oblast are best planted cotton locally adapted varieties in the first decade of may at density of standing of plants 140 thousand/ha, The optimal dose of nitrogen fertilizer at single introduction before sowing – 100 kg/ha A.I., phosphate – 80 kg A.I. and potash – 40 kg A.I. Optimal pre-irrigation soil moisture before irrigation at the level of 70–80 %, which can achieve the holding from 10 to 12 vegetation irrigations. The best precursors for cotton is lucerne.

Key words: Astrakhan region, cotton, productivity, boxes, симподии, raw cotton sowing, fertilizer, plant population, irrigation, drip irrigation, a predecessor to, and lucerne