NATURAL SCIENCES
Journal of fundamental
and
applied researches
Assessment of the current state of the world’s tunastocks on the material sources of literature
2013. ¹4, pp. 56-65
Nguyen Dang Kien - post-graduate student, Astrakhan State Technical University, 16 Tatishchev Str., Astrakhan, 414056, Russian Federation, nguyendangkien2001@gmail.com
Tuna and tuna species are important oceanic subjects of fishery, extremely valuable in nutrition and ensure the unlimited demand of consumers. They include about fourty species, more than ten of them have commercial value, they are found in tropical, subtropical and temperate latitudes of the oceans and spread of 40° N up to 40° S. In the process of development of fisheries to date, there are four basic ways to catch tuna: trollovy, udebny, longline and purse seine. As the result of broadening fishing from the Atlantic Ocean to the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, tuna fishing has increased dramatically; some tuna species have been quite intensively exploited. In the Atlantic Ocean, the total catch of tuna ranged from 0,49–0,59 million tons in the period from 1994 to 1998., And was reduced to 0.4 million tons in 2009. In the Indian Ocean tuna catch has increased 6-fold since 1975 from 850 to 900 thousand tons and 836 thousand tons in 2009. According to statistics, the largest share of tuna catches is in the Pacific Ocean, where it reached more than 3 ml. tons in 2009. About 45–60 % of the total production in the world’s oceans and the important place in the area skipjack, tuna fishery is about 80 %. At the end of the last century, there is a tendency of catch descent. The development of the scientific research in the field of environment and tuna fishery, the assessment of the current state of its reserves and the establishment of science – based total allowable catch can efficiently utilize, preserve specific compositions of tuna reserves and regulate fishery.
Key words: tuna,target species,habitat,assessment of the status of stocks,science-based total allowable catch