NATURAL SCIENCES

Journal of fundamental
and
applied researches

Comparative morphological and anatomical characteristics of photosynthesizing organs of Tragopogon orientalis L. and Tragopogon graminifolius DC

2014. №2, pp. 18-25

Okaeva Kermen P. - post-graduate student, Kalmyk State University, 11 Pushkin Str., Elista, 358000, Republic of Kalmykia, Russian Federation, ebcuebcu@mail.ru

Dordzhieva Victoria I. - Ph.D. (Biology), Associate Professor, Kalmyk State University, 11 Pushkin Str., Elista, 358000, Republic of Kalmykia, Russian Federation, ebcuebcu@mail.ru

Dzhalayeva Vlada V. - undergraduate student, Kalmyk State University, 11 Pushkin Str., Elista, 358000, Republic of Kalmykia, Russian Federation, ebcuebcu@mail.ru

In the flora of European part of Russia Tragopogon orientalis L. is considered as species extremely widely spread in the forest and woodsteppe regions of Europe. Tragopogon graminifolius DC. and is mentioned as close to Caucasian species referring to the original, but it is not considered separately from Tragopogon orientalis L. In the Kosenko determiner Tragopogon graminifolius DC. is considered, but without T. orientalis L. In Mayevsky determiner it is vice versa. Earlier considering structural peculiarities of stem T. orientalis L., T. graminifolius DC., T. dubius we noted considerable differencis T. graminifolius DC. from two others, which we referred to different sections: T. orientalis L., T. graminifolius DC. section. Tragopogon and T. dubius to Maiores Kuth. According to anatomical structure of stem T. orientalis L., T. dubius Scop. have more similarities between themselves, than T. graminifolius DC. with both species, though the last one is considered as species very close to T. orientalis L or even in the composition of the latter one. Thus, anatomical structure of photosynthesizing organs as well as the species considered earlier gives us full foundation to think that species T. graminifolius DC. as wholly independent species and can’t be included into composition of T. orientalis L.: · morphometrical structure of photosynthesizing organs are similar, but midrib in T.graminifolius DC. is wide and have three parallel conductive bundles with clearly noticable bast-cells woody fibers between vessels. In T. orientalis L. midrib,is of conoidal form (in section) an dhas one midrib, but there is no mechanical tissue. This fact is compensated by powertully developed collenchyma under below epiderma; · along photosynthesizing part of leaf plates in T. graminifolius DC. there are two little bundles, where ther is no mechanical tissue, but from abaxial side there are «combs», having collenchima; · along photosynthesizing part of leaf plates in T. orientalis L. there are two little bundles, parameters of which become less to the edges of the plates. Bundles, going to the midrib from both sides are separated by mechanical tissue (with collenchima setcions); · in T. graminifolius DC. there is curved palling mesophyl, in T. orientalis L. curvred lateral and palling, but cell paling is weaker expressed than in semidesert species; · both species hawe amphistomic leaves: in T. orientalis L. on the lower epiderma there are twice as more stoma, than in the upper one, in T. graminifolius DC. there are less stoma on the lower epiderma than in T. orientalis L., but on the upper one - vice versa; · the position of mechanical tissue in the midrib, in conducting bundles and hypoderm at the edge of leaf plates provide leaf orintation in the space; · adaptation to light and conditions of semidesert is expressed more, than in T. orientalis L., which is widespread in the mountainous conditions in the structure of photosynthesizing organs of T. graminifolius DC.

Key words: epidermis, mesophyll, stoma, protosynthetic organ, anatomicai structure of leaf, palisade tissue, chlorophyll, анатомическое строение листа, мезофилл, эпидерма, палисадная ткань, устьице, хлорофилл, фотосинтезирующий орган , проводящие пучки