THE ROLE OF COMPENSATORY CHANGES IN THE CONTRLATERAL KIDNEY IN THE MAINTENANCE OF HOMEOSTASIS IN UNILATERAL URETERAL OBSTRUCTION
Akimenko Marina Anatolyevna - assistant of the Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Rostov State Medical University, 344022, Rostov-on-Don per. Nakhichevansky, 29, akimenkoma@yandex.ru
Kolmakova Tatyana Sergeevna - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Rostov State Medical University, 344022, Rostov-on-Don per. Nakhichevansky, 29, tat_kolmakova@mail.ru
Voronova Olga Vladimirovna - Assistant of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Rostov State Medical University, 344022, Rostov-on-Don per. Nakhichevansky, 29, 9043401873@mail.ru
A comprehensive study of the somatic state of animals, laboratory parameters of blood and urine, morphological and functional parameters of the contralateral kidney in the dynamics of unilateral ureteral obstruction was carried out, and the sequence of changes in the compensatory organ and their role in maintaining homeostasis of the body were studied. The experiment was reproduced with a complete unilateral obstruction of the ureter on 27 outbred male rabbits. Animals were divided into 4 groups: control (n=9) and three experimental groups: group I - mechanical obstruction for a period of 7 days (n=6), group II - mechanical obstruction for a period of 14 days (n=6), group III - mechanical obstruction for a period of 21 days (n=6). In the initial period of the experiment (3-7 days), significant changes in the somatic state of the animals and the parameters of the general blood analysis (GBA) and general urine analysis (GUA), as well as morphological and functional changes in the contralateral kidney were not registered. However, nonspecific markers of endogenous intoxication appear in the blood. On the 14th day, against the background of relative general somatic well-being, no changes in GUA and signs of inflammation in the GBA, there was a progressive increase in endogenous intoxication - MDA, MSM and MIC. Morphometric study showed minor changes in the contralateral kidney in comparison with day 7, with the tendencies towards hyperfunction of the nephron of the contralateral kidney persisting. On the 21st day of the experiment, the general condition of the rabbits worsened, inflammation and an increase in the number of markers of endogenous intoxication were noted in the blood, indicators of homeostasis disturbance were determined in the GUA - ketone bodies, leukocytes and the presence of protein. There were macroscopic changes in the compensatory organ - an increase in the width and thickness of the kidney in comparison with the control, due to hypertrophy of the elements of the nephron. The results of the study showed that in case of loss of the functions of one of the kidneys, the contralateral kidney is able to compensate for the deficiency of filtration and reabsorption processes for a long time, maintaining the main homeostatic indicators of the body.
Key words: contralateral kidney, compensatory hypertrophy, hyperfunction, homeostasis, unilateral ureteral obstruction, endogenous intoxication
