COLCHICINE MITOSIS AS A MODEL OF THE APOPTOSIS OF APICAL MERISTEM CELLS

Kozak Margarita F.  -  D.Sc. (Biology), Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumiana Sq., Astrakhan, 414000, mkozak@yandex.ru

The paper presents an analysis of experimental data on the features of proliferation of apical meristem (AM) cells in normal and colchicin mitosis of the germinal root of representatives of two soybean species: Glycine max (L.) Merill, cultivated soy, Glycine soja Sieb. & Zuck, Wild Ussuriensis soybeans, as well as offspring of interspecific hybrids (ISH) of the eighth generation (F8). Since the phylogenesis of many higher, including cultivated plants, including the studied representatives of the genus Glycine L., is associated with polyploid origin, it is proposed to consider colchicine mitosis (k-mitosis) as one of the models of the apoptosis process in the study of proliferation and differentiation of AM cells in higher plants associated with polyploid origin. The isolation of elementary biological systems (models) will allow us to re-evaluate the real events that occur during the interaction of wild and cultured soybean cells with extreme exposure factors and the specifics of the response during the adaptation of the body. The relationships between the studied, genetically related soybean species, Glycine max (L.) Merr. and G. soja Sieb. & Zucc. When hybridized, they are a vivid model of micro- and macroevolutionary events.

Key words: Glycine max, Glycine soja (wild soybean), interspecific hybrids (ISH); apoptosis, mitosis, colchizinmitose, plant stem cells, apical meristems (AM), micronucleus, multinuclear, circadian rhythm apical meristems mitosis cells, crop improvement; crop wild relative; mitotic cycle, mitosis index