THEORETICAL THEORETICAL BASIS OF CREATION OF PASTURES IN THE FOCALS OF DESERTIFICATION
Lysakov Maxim A. - Ph. D. (Agriculture), department employee, Astrakhan State University, 20a Tatishcheva Str., Astrakhan, 414056, Russian Federation, nature1986@yandex.com
Puchkov Mikhail Yurievich - Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Head of the Department of Agricultural Technologies, Educational and Experimental Farm, Astrakhan State University named by V.N. Tatischev, Russia, 414000, Astrakhan, pl. Shaumyan, 1, rosecostroi@mail.ru
Land cover is traditionally viewed as either a chaotic collection of plants or a community of plants. When creating a vegetation cover in foci of desertification, the emphasis is on determining a structure that has the ability to self-regulate and, as a consequence, to successfully function in a natural ecosystem. For this purpose, researchers have proposed their own concepts of plant response to environmental factors. The founders of the theory of creating a vegetation cover at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries expressed the idea of synergistic action of environmental factors on the plant organism with the simultaneous action of plants on each other. Subsequently, the researchers theoretically substantiated the deeper impact of some factors on plants or, on the contrary, denied these effects. The article presents the basic concepts of the organization of the vegetation cover, called the "systems of ecological strategies" by McLeod, Ramensky, Greim, Pianca and Whitaker. Their distinctive features are given. The creation of new concepts was formed not on the denial of the previous ones, but on the inclusion of all that was valuable in the outgoing concept. The authors formulated an original synthetic scheme of the population structure of the vegetation cover. The formulation of the theoretical foundations of the organization of the vegetation cover served as the beginning of the practical implementation of a complex of agrotechnical works on the formation of agrophytocenoses, including in the foci of desertification. Currently, researchers experimentally confirm their theoretical propositions.
Key words: vegetation cover, concepts of vegetation organization, systems of ecological strategies, structural-continual system
