BLOOD PROTEINS IN HERD FILLIES AND MARES OF KUSHUM BREED

Lozovskiy Alexander R.  -  Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Agricultural Technologies and Veterinary Medicine, Tatischev Astrakhan State University, 414056, Astrakhan, Tatishchev st., 20a, all.lozo@yandex.ru

Bisengaliev Amangeldy K.  -  postgraduate student, Tatischev Astrakhan State University, 414056, Astrakhan,Tatishchev st. , 20a,

Blood proteins were studied in 89 herd horses of Kushum breed (fillies - yearlings - 7 heads, fillies - two years old - 17 heads, fillies - three years old - 7 heads, mares - 58 heads). Blood was taken by puncture of the jugular vein during the autumn evaluation period (October - November 2019-2022) in 5 breeding farms for breeding horses of the Kushum breed in Astrakhan region. The blood hemoglobin level of fillies of the Kushum breed depends on age and differs from the value of this indicator in mares. Thus, in yearling, two-year-old and three-year-old fillies, the average value of blood hemoglobin (g/l) was 117.50±5.05, 133.34±4.76 and 134.23±7.91, respectively, which is significantly less than in mares (143.92±2.65) (p<0.05). A pronounced variability of blood hemoglobin is characteristic both in the groups of repair fillies and mares. The average value of total blood plasma protein (g/l) in the groups of filly of the first, second and third years of life was 83.78±2.12, 84.86±1.27 and 82.60±1.88, respectively, which is not differed from the corresponding value of mares (83.16±0.89). The variability of total plasma protein values was moderate in all groups of horses, which is confirmed by the coefficient of variation in the range of 5.64 - 6.94%. Blood plasma albumin (g/l) in fillies (year-olds, two-year-olds and three-year-olds) was at the level of 33.43±1.24, 33.75±0.75 and 34.16±1.83, respectively, and did not differ from the level of mares (33.9±0.53). The variability of the blood plasma albumin index in all groups was higher than that of the total protein index (coefficient of variation 7.71-12.0%). The revealed features of the biochemical status of different-aged fillies and mares of the Kushum breed can be used in assessing the interior and the state of physiological adaptation of horses in herd horse breeding.

Key words: biochemical parameters of blood, blood proteins, horses of the Kushum breed, fillies, mares, herd horse breeding