NATURAL SCIENCES

Journal of fundamental
and
applied researches

Assessment of preference of use of the previous cultures of periodically watered rice

2017. №4, pp. 50-59

Kruzhilin I.P. - Academician of RAS, Chief Research Associate, All-Russian research Institute irrigated agriculture, 9 Timiryazeva Str., Volgograd, 400002, Russian Federation, vniioz@yandex.ru

Ganiyev M.A. - Ph.D. (Engineering), Senior Research Associate, Volgograd State Agricultural University, 26 Universitetsky Ave., Volgograd, 400002, Russian Federation, vniioz@yandex.ru

Kuznetsova N.V. - D.Sc. (Agriculturae), Professor, Volgograd State Agricultural University, 26 Universitetsky Ave., Volgograd, 400002, Russian Federation, nvkyznetsova@mail.ru

Rodin K.A. - Ph.D. (Agriculturae), Senior Research Associate, All-Russian research Institute irrigated agriculture, 9 Timiryazeva Str., Volgograd, 400002, Russian Federation, vniioz@yandex.ru

Nevezhina A.B. - Research Associate, All-Russian research Institute irrigated agriculture, 9 Timiryazeva Str., Volgograd, 400002, Russian Federation, vniioz@yandex.ru

The analysis of materials of long-term researches of the All-Russian scientific research institute of the irrigated agriculture and the experimental data obtained in 2014-2016 allowed to enrich the studied problem with the new knowledge confirming a possibility of cultivation of rice on innovative water-conservation technology of irrigation on the irrigating systems of general purpose with inclusion in field and other crop rotations various set of crops. For assessment of preference of the choice as predecessors of rice in the irrigated crop rotations leguminous culture soy, propashny culture potatoes and the culture of narrow-rowed crops rice were selected. Researches showed that on all predecessors crops of rice created close to planned productivity without negative influence on the soil, a phytosanitary state, growth and development of rice. All this allows to recommend them for inclusion in rice crop rotations on the irrigating systems of general purpose, to use as predecessors of rice with periodic waterings in such rating order: soy, potatoes, rice. The priority place of soy as predecessor of rice is defined by its more favorable impact on agronomical properties of the soil, such as density of arable and 0.6 m of layers, porosity, water penetration and some other. Also soy promoted as a result of symbiotic activity to enrichment of the soil nitrogen. To end of the vegetative period these advantages are lost and in the subsequent can't influence features of technology of cultivation of rice.

Key words: предшественники, рис, сорные растения, водно-физические свойства и агрохимические показатели почвы, урожайность, predecessors, rice, weed plants, water physical properties and agrochemical indicators of the soil, productivity