NATURAL SCIENCES

Journal of fundamental
and
applied researches

THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL ACTIVITY OF CHITIN AND CHITOSAN OBTAINED BY THE CHEMICAL PROCESSING OF SHRIMP

2017. №1, pp. 94-98

Ayman Younes Fathy Allam - postgraduate student, Astrakhan State Technical University, 16 Tatishcheva Str., Astrakhan, 414056, Russian Federation, ayman.alaam@yandex.ru

Dolganova N.V. - D.Sc. (Technical), Professor, Astrakhan State Technical University, 16 Tatishcheva Str., Astrakhan, 414056, Russian Federation, dolganova-natalya@yandex.ru

This paper was performed to achieve the optimum parameters involved in shrimp shell processing. The major procedure for obtaining chitosan is based on the alkaline deacetylation of chitin from shrimp shell Penaeus semisulcatus with a strong alkaline solution. Chitosan is a natural Bio-polymer derived by deacetylation of chitin, a major component of the shells of a crustacean such as a crab, shrimp, and crayfish. During the past several decades, chitosan has been receiving increased attention for its commercial applications in biomedical, food, and chemical industries. The obtained chitin was converted into the more useful soluble chitosan by stepping into solutions of NaOH of various concentrations and for extended periods of time, then the alkali chitin was heated which dramatically reduced the time of deacetylation. Chitin from squid pens did not require stepping in sodium hydroxide solution and showed much higher reactivity towards deacetylation of heating a degree of deacetylation of 90 % was achieved. Finally, the natural biological properties of chitin and chitosan are valuable for both plant and animal applications and such developments can be considered as valuable extensions of the use of chitin and its derivatives.

Key words: креветки, физиологической активности, свойства, хитин, хитозан, полимером, отходы, пищевых продуктов, shrimp, physiological activity, properties of chitin, chitosan, polymer waste, food products