NATURAL SCIENCES

Journal of fundamental
and
applied researches

Formation features of ground communities’ structure in reservoirs of the river Volga΄s Delta in the conditions of the anthropogenic stress

2014. №4, pp. 9-14

Nasibulina Botagoz M. - D.Sc. (Biology), Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan Sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, aspu.nasibulina@yandex.ru

Kurochkina Tatyana F. - D.Sc. (Biology), Professor, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan Sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, kurtf@mail.ru

Dysekenova Ainagul B. - Senior Lecturer, Khalel Dosmukhamedov Atyrau State University, 212 Studentcheskiy Ave., Atyrau, 060011, Republic of Kazakhstan, dyusekenova_aina@mail.ru

Shaplygina Yulia N. - post-graduate student, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan Sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, shaplugina@yandex.ru

IsteluevР° Alfiya A. - Assistant, Astrakhan State University, 1 Shaumyan Sq., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, kamalf@bk.ru

The article deals with the research results of a condition of structural characteristics of the river VolgaО„s reservoirs ground communities. It is shown that separate anthropogenic processes in reservoirs lead to specific changes in structure of ground communities. The maximum development of detritus collectors, soilswallowers, sedimentators and minimum development of filterers and raptorial species are noted in stream of Belinsky, Kirov, Gandurinsky, Main canals and the river Akhtuba, that are typical for eutrophication process. A low specific variety, abundant development of short-cyclic forms consisting of the omnivorous and raptorial species are indicated existence of toxic load in the river Buzan. Depending on pollution distribution of average values of individuals mass is revealed, high biomass is noted at all research stations, except the river Buzan. From ethological groups dominants in the studied stream of canals and the River Akhtuba are vermiform moving (Oligochaetes) according to number, creeping individuals (mollusks) according to biomass that is also characteristic for the reservoirs under processes of eutrophication. Burying and creeping forms presented mainly by larvae of dragonflies, chironomids are found in the river Buzan in large quantities. The minimum variability of number and biomass of communities in the stream of Belinsky, Kirov, Gandurinsky, Main canals and the river Akhtuba is noted. The main dominants are the following types: oligochaetes, mollusks, spatial variability of their quantitative development is caused most often by distribution of biogenous elements and organic substances, nature of soil and other factors. It is shown that in the river Buzan variability of quantitative indices is slightly increased probably because of high concentration of heavy metals in ground deposits. As a result of the analysis of ground communitiesО„ structural characteristics of the delta VolgaО„s reservoirs it is revealed that the studied reservoirs undergo processes of eutrophication and toxification. It is shown that the studied streams of Belinsky, Kirov, Gandurinsky, Main canals and the river Akhtuba undergo high biogenous load, the river Buzan - toxic one.

Key words: донные сообщества, антропогенные процессы, размерная структура, видовая структура, этологическая структура, трофическая структура, собиратели детрита, токсификация, эвтрофикация, биомасса, ground communities, anthropogenic processes, dimensional structure